Creation of the Cosmos
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[edit] Galaxy Formation - Creation of our Familiar Cosmos
Regardless of the theories of the creation of the universe and the problems therein, there are these elementary particles that start off the morphological flows. Among them, the stable electron-proton-neutrons bind to create the simplest atom, hydrogen, in vast quantities of gases. As gas clouds become denser due to gravitational attraction they heat up and eventually coalesce to form proto-galaxies. Proto-galaxies are dense gas (mainly hydrogen) clusters that act as stellar nurseries. As proto-galaxies settle, we end up with the galaxies that we observe today. We see spiral galaxies, lenticular galaxies (spiral galaxies with missing spirals), elliptical galaxies that look like cosmic footballs, and irregular galaxies (pictured below in that order, source: http://www.seds.org/messier/galaxy.html)
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We often find galaxies in groups and groups within clusters. Irregular galaxies are thought to be galaxies that, under the influence of nearby galaxies in their group, never had a chance to form. Our own milky-way galaxy is orbited by 2 irregular galaxies called the large and the small Magellanic Clouds. Sometimes one galaxy in a group absorbs another galaxy in the group. Within the galaxies you typically find:
- Globular star clusters, large, compact aggregates of hundreds of thousands of stars, often the oldest stars in the galaxy.
- Stellar nebula remnants - As the stars develop, many of them leave nebulous remnants (planetary nebulae or supernova remnants) which then populate the galaxies.
- Outer-bound regions- the interstellar gas and dust tends to accumulate in clouds near an equatorial disk and flatten out at the outer regions, most conspicuous in spiral and lenticular galaxies.
- Interstellar clouds - huge diffuse nebulae where clusters of stars are formed.
- Nucleus- A rather dense galactic nucleus, which is somewhat similar to a super-large globular cluster. In many cases, galactic nuclei contain super-massive dark objects, which are often considered as Black Hole candidates.
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